Role of Social Capital in Crowd Funding Campaigns: Exploring Factors That Fuel Success in Crowd Funding Campaigns

Crowdfunding provides a convenient method with which to collect funding from an immense base of investors without geographic boundaries and intermediaries. In recent years, it has become entrenched as a surrogate funding source to traditional external finance for entrepreneurs. This paper offers an exploration of factors that propel crowdfunding ventures from a dataset of 182,216 projects and over $2 billion in funding from the two most common crowdfunding platforms based on rewards, namely, Kickstarter and Indiegogo. While previous studies have identified certain elements that lead to success in crowdfunding campaigns, this study delves into the pivotal success factors influencing funding success based on social capital theory. This study asserts that the strength of the promoter’s social network ties increases funder commitment to a crowdfunding campaign and funder trust, both of which lead to a successful campaign. We further predict funder’s perceived risk to be a critical factor in a campaign’s success. We explore prior studies in the literature with a common framework into various financing options and evaluate the crowdfunding paradox from funders, promoters, and online platform dimensions. This study also examines the potential significance of social capital, promoter commitment, and funder risk to crowdfunding campaign success, representing an addition to the literature. This empirical investigation is a quantitative study of crowdfunding campaign characteristics associated with influencing funders to make decisions to invest that uses the social capital theory as a conceptual framework. This model adds practical findings concerning crowdfunding campaigns. It also presents a reliable model for businesses to determine further how to tap into potential elements that can augment the success of crowdfunding campaigns in raising funds

Design & Implementation of Motion Controller for Industrial Paper Cutting Machine

In order to solve a speed control, Speed measurement & synchronization problem, an effective motion controller is design & develop for paper cutting machine of papermaking plant. PID control algorithm was proposed to solve the problem in this paper. The speed closed-loop control was realized after studying & comparing different control algorithm. According to comparison of industrial application results, the applied control strategy to develop a motion controller truly guide, control & can accurately restrain the load disturbance and improve the control effect of synchronization for the cutter speed. This System proves how it can be a low cost solution in the production practice

Optimal Sizing and Placement of Solar Cell Distributed Generator Suitable for Integrated Power System Environment

A novel fuzzified Clustered Gravitational Search Algorithm (CGSA) has been employed for solving multi-objective problem formulated for solar based distributed generation. Optimal sizing and placement of solar distributed generation is considered. High solar penetration can lead to high-risk level in power system reliability. In order to maintain the system reliability, solar power dispatch is usually restricted based on the reliability level of the system. Two conflicting objective functions such as power loss and reliability level of the system are also considered for solving optimal placement of solar distributed generation (SDG). Binary coded CGSA is employed for solving optimal placement of SDG and sizing is determined using real coded CGSA. The fuzzy membership function for each objective is designed and multi-objective optimal placement problem has been presented. The proposed method is validated on IEEE standard 69-bus radial distribution networks. The efficiency of the proposed optimization technique is validated by comparing the results with other results available in the existing articles

A Study on Acute Kidney Injury in Postoperative Patients at Government Stanley Hospital, Chennai

OBJECTIVE: 1. To assess the risk factors causing AKI in post operative patients. 2. To assess the incidence of AKI in post operative patients. METHODOLOGY: Patients in postoperative period with acute kidney injury in Stanley Medical College Hospital, during the period of february to september 2014 fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study and 60 patients had AKI fulfilling the criteria. Stastical analysis were done using EpiInfo software (7.1.0.6 version; Center for disease control, USA) and Microsoft Excel 2010. Continuous variables were analysed with Unpaired t test and categorical variables were analysed with the Chi-Square Test and Fisher Exact Test. Statistical significance was taken as P < 0.05. RESULTS: The study was a prospective study and 60 patients had AKI during the time period in postoperative period. The incidence of AKI was 1.48%. Intraoperative hypotension was found to be a significant risk factor. CONCLUSION: 1. The risk of developing AKI in patients undergoing surgery were evaluated over a period of 6 months. 2. It was found that patients undergoing cardiac surgery were found to have high risk followed by vascular and other surgeries. 3. The incidence of AKI is 1.48%. 4. When patients were classified according to AKIN criteria of >0.3 mg/dl rise of creatinine all the above patients were found to have AKI, but when classified according to RIFLE criteria of >50% rise around 31 patients were found to have AKI. 5. From this study patients undergoing cardiac surgery were found to be at higher risk, and intra operative hypotension was a significant risk factor. 6. The serum creatinine is not a true and early marker of acute kidney injury and there is delayed rise. 7. Most of the patients recovered from AKI after 7 days of surgery

Yellow phosphorous poisoning (RATOL) - Role of N-acetyl cysteine and postmortem toxicological findings: A prospective study

BACKROUND: Ratol is a rodenticide (rat killer paste), it contains yellow phosphorus, a severe local and systemic toxin causing damage to gastrointestinal, hepatic, cardiovascular, and renal systems. Among these liver is the most commonly affected organ and acute liver failure with coagulopathy is the most dreaded complication. Other fatal complications are acute tubular necrosis, hepato-renal syndrome, hypotension and arrhythmias. Clinical manifestations of yellow phosphorous poisoning has three stages. First stage has gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea and vomiting in the absence of any laboratory abnormalities. Second stage occurs after 24–48 hours characterised by rising transaminases, although the patient may be asymptomatic. In some cases, this progresses to the third stage characterised by acute liver failure with coagulopathy and encephalopathy, which can be fatal. The Role of N acetyl cysteine (NAC) in acetaminophen induced Acute fulminant hepatic failure (ALF) was well established. Additionally some studies have shown that NAC may be useful in non-acetaminophen induced ALF like yellow phosphorous poisoning also. These toxins damages the liver by depleting glutathione stores. NAC acts by stimulate the glutathione synthesis and enhances glutathione transferase activity . Therefore, treatment with NAC, which is inexpensive and relatively safe, would be a viable treatment option for patients admitted with yellow phosphorous consumption with ALF but those who are not eligible for liver transplant. A post-mortem liver biopsy shows hydropic or fatty infiltration of hepatocytes, collapsed reticulin framework with fibrosis between the hepatocytes and periportal necrosis suggestive of an acute fulminant hepatitis AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Aim of our study was to identify the prevalence of yellow phosphorus poisoning in our hospital, evaluate the usefulness of N-Acetyl cysteine in yellow phosphorous poisoning and Postmortem toxicological findings in liver and kidney. METHODS: SETTING: Department of General Medicine, Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai Medical College. INCLUSION CRITERIA: All patients admitted with history yellow phosphorous poison (ratol) consumption at Government Rajaji Hospital & Madurai Medical College during the period of June to September 2017. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Patient who have ingested other substance in addition to yellow phosphorous, Patients who are known to have preexisting liver disease, chronic kidney disease, heart disease and absconded within 24hrs of admission. DESIGN OF STUDY: Prospective cross sectional hospital based observational study. PERIOD OF STUDY: 4 months (June 2017 to September 2017). PARTICIPANTS: The study was conducted on 25 patients with history yellow phosphorous poison (ratol) consumption who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria getting admitted at Government Rajaji Hospital & Madurai Medical College during the period of June to September 2017. The control group patients are taken from retrospective data obtained in year 2016 at GRH, who had similar management protocol except for NAC use. METHODOLOGY: History was taken from patients who consumed yellow phosphorous poisoning, about time and amount of consumption, any prior hospital admission and treatment before arrived to our hospital. History regarding details and duration of alcohol intake was taken, and history of vomiting, abdominal pain, loose stools, altered sensorium also noted. Clinical examination about presence of icterus, anemia, edema legs, features of encephalopathy, abdominal tenderness was noted during admission. After stomach wash and initial resuscitation, Loading dose of 140 mg/kg of N Acetyl cysteine was started and then followed by 17 doses, each at 70 mg/kg, given 4th hourly. The total duration of the treatment course is 72 hours. Time of stomach wash and intiation of N Acetyl cysteine was noted. serial monitoring of vitals and complete blood count, blood sugar, urea, creatinine, serum bilirubin, AST, ALT, prothrombin time, INR ,urine analysis, ECG, USG abdomen was estimated. Post-mortem toxicological findings of liver and kidney was noted in all expired patients. RESULTS: In our study we included 50 patients admitted with history yellow phosphorous Poison (ratol) consumption at Government Rajaji Hospital. Out of 50 patients 25 were study group those who were treated with N Acetyl cysteine (NAC) and another 25 patients were taken from retrospective data collected from those who not treated with NAC. Our study showed that most vulnerable age group of yellow phosphorous (ratol) poisoning was 15 to 25 years, More than 60% of the victims were females. Calculated Leathal dose of YP was >1mg/kg. This study also told that, 80% of the admitted patients are consumed more than 1gm of poison. Most of the patients were admitted with vomiting, abdominal pain, on 3rd day pt developed icterus, feaure of hepaic encephlopathy, bleeding manifestation, hypotension, tachycardia and oliguria, some patients had respiratory failure also. Approximately 20% of the patients in the study group and 50% in the control group had features of hepatic encephalopathy, hypotension and oliguria. 3/4 of patients in the both group had elevated LFT value, remaining 1/4 of patients are near normal LFT, probably they not consumed poison or very minimal consumption. Among 25 patients, 14 reaches our hospital within 24hrs of poison consumption so NAC initiated early, Remaining patients are admitted in peripheral hospital and referred later after developing features of toxic hepatitis. In the study group 17 patients have good response to NAC, among their 8 patients have elevation of LFT (bilirubin, AST, ALT, prothrombin time) mostly in the 3rd and 4th day of admission. That LFT values become near normal on 6th or 7th day due to timely treatment with NAC. It is statistically more significant (p value is 0.001). In the study group among 25 yellow phosphorous consumed patients, 8patients (32%) died inspite of NAC treatment mostly due to delayed admission with features of acute liver failure. In the control group 17 patients (68%) died. So treatment with NAC reduces 50% of mortality. It is statistically more significant (p value is 0.024). CONCLUSION: Most patients admitted with history of suicidal consumption of ratol (yellow phosphorous) were young and belonged to poorer socio-economic sections. Mortality was reduced to 50% in the study group who was admitted early and treated with NAC, even though they consumed lethal dose of ratol. Therefore treatment with NAC, which is inexpensive and relatively safe, would be a viable treatment option for patients admitted with ratol consumption

Molecular Docking Studies for the Assessment of Wound Healing Activity of Phytoconstituents in Heliotropium Indicum

One of the most crucial and complex processes is the skin's multi-stage process of healing after an injury. Heliotropium indicum is a potent antibiotic, anti- inflammatory, anti-neoplastic, anti-oxidant, and wound- healing agent. Heliotropium indicum Linn is the source of the chemical compound in question, which is abundant in sterols, ammines, volatile oils, and the pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Molecular docking studies were conducted on Heliotropium indicum using Argus lab 4.0.1 and Autodock 1.5.7. The proteins PDB ID:1YXO, 3V18, and 4G8R were selected because of their role in wound healing. The pieces work together with the protein responsible for mending wounds. The binding affinities of mupirocin and nitrofurazone are higher than those of the components stigmasterol, eugenol, borneol, and campesterol. In order to better customize Heliotropium indicum to our requirements, we now have a better knowledge of the components of the molecule that interact with their receptors in the wound healing process

Antimicrobial potent (E)-2-(1-phenylethylidene)-1-tosylhydrazines

399-405A series containing ten (E)-2-(1-phenylethylidene)-1-tosylhydrazines have been synthesized by thionyl chloride catalyst assisted condensation between 1-tosylhydrazine and substituted acetophenones. These benzylidenes have been characterized by their physical constants, UV-Vis, IR, 1H and 13C&nbsp;NMR spectral techniques. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the synthesized benzylidene have been evaluated

Effective Clustering Algorithms for VLSI Circuit Partitioning Problems

Abstract In this article, the effective circuit partitioning techniques are employed by using the clustering algorithms. The technique uses the circuit netlist in order to cluster the circuit in partitioning steps and it also minimizes the interconnection distance with the required iteration level. The clustering algorithm like K-Mean, Y-Mean, K-Medoid are performed on the standard benchmark circuits. The results obtained shows that the proposed techniques improves the time and also minimize the area by reducing the interconnection distance